Onychomycosis
Onychomycosis is also commonly known as fungal nail infection. It is a common condition affecting the nails, particularly the toenails. It can lead to discolouration, thickening and then the destruction of the nail. Onychomycosis is not just a cosmetic issue as it tends to cause pain, discomfort and further complications if left untreated. At SkinAccess Clinics, we provide expert diagnosis and treatment plans to treat onychomycosis and restore nail health and prevent future infections.
What is Onychomycosis?
Onychomycosis is a fungal infection primarily affecting the toenails, although it can also occur in the fingernails. It is caused by various fungi like dermatophytes, yeast, or non-dermatophyte molds. It can be a persistent condition, often requiring a combination of therapies for successful resolution.
Symptoms of Onychomycosis
Onychomycosis presents with different symptoms, depending on the type of fungus involved and the duration of the infection. Common symptoms include
Nail Discolouration
The affected nail may become yellow, white, brown or green. Discolouration usually starts at the tip of the nail and gradually spreads toward the cuticle.
Nail Thickening
Infected nails often become thickened, making them difficult to trip and maintain.
Nail Deformation
Over time, the nail may become distorted, brittle and crumbly. The nail may even separate from the nail bed, a condition called onycholysis.
Foul Odour
Due to the accumulation of fungal debris, foul odour may emanate from the infected nail.
Pain & Discomfort
In severe cases, the distorted and thickened nail can cause pain, particularly when wearing shoes or during physical activity.
Causes of Onychomycosis
Onychomycosis is caused by various types of fungi that thrive in warm, moist environments. Several factors increase the likelihood of developing onychomycosis.
Dermatophytes, yeasts and non-dermatophyte molds can infect the nails.
Factors like poor circulation, old age, diabetes, a weakened immune system, nail injuries, wearing tight-fitting footwear, a history of athlete’s foot, etc. can increase susceptibility to developing onychomycosis.
Some people may simply be genetically more susceptible to developing fungal infections.
Diagnosis of Onychomycosis
An accurate diagnosis by a dermatologist is essential for effective treatment of onychomycosis.
Clinical Examination
The nail is examined for typical signs of fungal infections like discolouration, thickening and deformation.
Nail Clipping Examination
A sample of the affected nail may be examined to detect the presence of fungi. A Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) test is often performed to identify fungal elements.
Fungal Culture
In some cases, a fungal culture may be performed to identify the type of fungus causing the infection. This is particularly useful as some fungi may be resistant to certain medications. It helps to formulate a personalized and more effective treatment plan.
Management and Treatment of Onychomycosis
Treating onychomycosis can be challenging due to the slow growth of nails and the resilient nature of fungal infections. However, with the right care and treatment plan, a successful outcome can be achieved. SkinAccess Clinics offers a range of treatment options tailored to the severity of the infection, that best suit your needs.
➥ Topical Antifungal Treatments:
- Medicated Nail Lacquers: These can be applied directly to the infected nail. They are most effective in mild cases and require consistent application over several months.
- Antifungal Creams: In some cases, antifungal creams may be prescribed to be applied around the affected nail and cuticle.
➥ Oral Antifungal Medications: These may be prescribed to inhibit fungal growth and restore nail health. The specific medications prescribed may vary based on the type of fungus, its resistance to medications and the severity of the infection.
➥ Laser Therapy: Lasers target the fungus under the nail with focused light energy. This helps to eradicate the infection and may be used alone or in combination with other forms of treatment.
➥ Nail Removal: In very severe cases, partial or complete removal of the infected nail may be necessary to eliminate the infection. This allows a new healthy nail to grow back.
➥ Preventive Measures:
- Proper Foot Hygiene: Onychomycosis can be prevented by keeping your feet clean and dry, regularly changing socks and avoiding the use of tight-fitting footwear.
- Avoiding Public Exposure: Wearing protective footwear in communal areas like pools or locker rooms can reduce the risk of infection.
Conclusion
Onychomycosis is a persistent and at times painful condition. It required careful long-term care and treatment. At SkinAccess Clinics, we provide comprehensive, personalized care options and treatment plans that best suit our patient's needs. If you suspect you have onychomycosis, don’t hesitate to schedule a consultation with us. Early diagnosis and treatment are key to successfully overcoming this condition and achieving optimal nail health!